Name | Furosemide |
Synonyms | Frusemide FRUSEMIDE FUROSEMID FUROSEMIDE Furosemide LABOTEST-BB LT00244801 4-CHLORO-N-FURFURYL-5-SULFAMOYLANTHRANILIC ACID 4-chloro-n-furfuryl-5-sulfamoylanthranilic acid 2-furfurylamino-4-chloro-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid 2-furfurylamino-4-chloro-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid 5-(aminosulfonyl)-4-chloro-2-((2-furanylmethyl)amino)benzoic acid 5-[AMINOSULFONYL]-4-CHLORO-2-[(2-FURANYLMETHYL)AMINO]BENZOIC ACID 5-(AMINOSULPHONYL)-4-CHLORO-2-[(2-FURANYLMETHYL)AMINO]BENZOIC ACID |
CAS | 54-31-9 |
EINECS | 200-203-6 |
InChI | InChI=1/C12H11ClN2O5S/c13-9-5-10(15-6-7-2-1-3-20-7)8(12(16)17)4-11(9)21(14,18)19/h1-5,15H,6H2,(H,16,17)(H2,14,18,19) |
InChIKey | ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Molecular Formula | C12H11ClN2O5S |
Molar Mass | 330.74 |
Density | 1.606 |
Melting Point | 220 °C (dec.) (lit.) |
Boling Point | 582.1±60.0 °C(Predicted) |
Flash Point | 11°C |
Water Solubility | Soluble in acetone, DMF or methanol. Slightly soluble in water |
Solubility | Practically insoluble in water, soluble in acetone, sparingly soluble in ethanol (96 per cent), practically insoluble in methylene chloride. It dissolves in dilute solutions of alkali hydroxides. |
Appearance | powder |
Color | White to Off-White |
Merck | 14,4309 |
pKa | pKa 3.8 (Uncertain) |
Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
Stability | Stable, but light sensitive, air sensitive and hygroscopic. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
Refractive Index | 1.6580 (estimate) |
Physical and Chemical Properties | Density 1.606 melting point 220°C |
Use | Used as a diuretic |
Risk Codes | R61 - May cause harm to the unborn child R39/23/24/25 - R23/24/25 - Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R11 - Highly Flammable R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
Safety Description | S7 - Keep container tightly closed. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S53 - Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S22 - Do not breathe dust. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
UN IDs | UN 1230 3/PG 2 |
WGK Germany | 3 |
RTECS | CB2625000 |
HS Code | 2935904000 |
Toxicity | LD50 orally in female, male rats: 2600, 2820 mg/kg (Goldenthal) |
This product is 2-[(2-furylmethyl) amino]-5-(sulfamoyl)-4-benzoic acid. Calculated as dry product, containing C12HUC1N205S shall not be less than 99.0%.
The melting point of this product (General rule 0612) is 208~213°C, and it is decomposed at the same time during melting.
take this product, precision weighing, add 0.4% sodium hydroxide solution to dissolve and quantitatively dilute to make a solution containing about 10ug per lml, according to UV-visible spectrophotometry (General 0401), the absorbance was measured at a wavelength of 271nm, and the absorption coefficient was 565 to 595.
take 0.50g of this product, add 5ml of sodium hydroxide solution to dissolve, add 5ml of water, the solution should be clear and colorless; If it is turbid, compare with No. 2 Turbidity standard solution (General rule 0902 method 1), shall not be more concentrated; If the color is developed, it shall not be deeper in comparison with the yellow No. 3 Standard Colorimetric solution (General Principles 0901 first method).
take 2.og of this product, add 100ml of water, fully shake, filter; Take the filtrate 25ml, check according to law (General rule 0801), and compare with the control solution made of 7.0ml of standard sodium chloride solution, no more concentrated (0.014%).
take 25ml of the filtrate remaining under the above chloride item, and check it according to law (General 0802). Compared with the control solution made of 2.0 ml of standard potassium sulfate solution, it should not be more concentrated (0.04%).
operation in the dark. Take this product, add a mixed solvent [take glacial acetic acid 22ml, add acetonitrile-water (1:1) to 1000ml, mix evenly] dissolve and dilute to prepare a solution containing about 1 mg per 1 ml, as a test solution; An appropriate amount was taken in a precise amount and quantitatively diluted with a mixed solvent to prepare a solution containing log per 1 ml as a control solution. According to the high performance liquid phase determination (General 0512) test, using the eighteen alkyl silane bonded silica gel as the filler, water-tetrahydrofuran-glacial acetic acid (70:30:1) as the mobile phase, the detection wavelength was 272nm. The number of theoretical plates is not less than 4000 based on the furosemide peak. 20ul of the test solution and the control solution are respectively injected into the liquid chromatograph, and the chromatogram is recorded to 3 times of the retention time of the main component peak. If there are impurity peaks in the chromatogram of the test solution, the single impurity peak area shall not be greater than 0.2 times (0.2%) of the main peak area of the control solution, and the sum of each impurity peak area shall not be greater than the main peak area of the control solution (1.0%).
take this product, dry to constant weight at 105°C, weight loss shall not exceed 0.5% (General rule 0831).
not more than 0.1% (General rule 0841).
take 0.50g of this product, inspection according to law (General rule 0821 third law), containing heavy metals shall not exceed 20 parts per million.
take this product l.Og, add lg of calcium hydroxide, add a small amount of water, stir evenly, first heat with small fire, then burn to complete Ash, let cool, add 5ml of hydrochloric acid and 23ml of water, inspection according to law (General Principles 0822 first law), shall comply with the provisions (0.0002%).
take this product about 0.5g, precision weighing, add ethanol 30ml, slightly warm to dissolve, cool, add 4 drops of Cresol red indicator solution and 1 drop of Thymol blue indicator solution, with sodium hydroxide titration solution (0.1 mol/L) titration to the solution is purplish red, and the result of the titration is corrected with the blank test. Each 1 ml of sodium hydroxide titration solution (0.1 mol/L) corresponds to 33.07mg of c12h11c1n205 s.
diuretics.
light shielding, sealed storage.
This product contains furosemide (C12H11C1N205S) should be the label amount of 90.0% ~ 110.0%.
This product is white tablet.
take an appropriate amount of fine powder of this product (about 80mg equivalent to furosemide), add 10ml of ethanol, shake to dissolve furosemide, filter, evaporate the filtrate, identify the residue according to furosemide (1), (2), (3) test, showing the same results.
Take 20 tablets of this product, precision weighing, fine grinding, precision weighing appropriate amount (about equivalent to Furosemide 20mg), put it in a 100ml measuring flask, add 0.4% sodium hydroxide solution about 60ml, shake for 10 minutes to dissolve furosemide, dilute to the scale with 0.4% sodium hydroxide solution, shake well, filter, Take 5ml of filtrate accurately, place it in another 100ml measuring flask, dilute with 0.4% sodium hydroxide solution to the scale, shake, according to UV-visible spectrophotometry (General 0401), at the wavelength of 271mn absorbance, according to C12H11C1N205S absorption coefficient of 580 calculation, that's right.
Same as furosemide.
20mg
light-shielded, sealed, and stored in a dry place.
This product is a sterile aqueous solution made of furosemide plus sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride. The content of furosemide (C12H11C1N205S) shall be between 90.0% and 110.0% of the labeled amount.
This product is colorless or almost colorless clear liquid.
This product was taken, and the same results were shown according to the tests of (1), (2) and (3) under the item of furosemide.
Same as furosemide.
2ml:20mg
light shielding, closed storage.
This product contains furosemide (C12H11C1N205S) and amiloride hydrochloride (C6H8CIN70 • HCI) should be 90.0% ~ 110.0% of the label amount.
Furosemide 20g
Amiloride hydrochloride 2.5G
Appropriate amount of excipients
Made into 1000 tablets
This product is white-like to yellowish.
diuretics.
light shielding, sealed storage.
(IARC) carcinogen classification | 3 (Vol. 50) 1990 |
EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
Introduction | furosemide is a diuretic, also known as furosemide, developed in 1963 by the former sidehst, clinically used for the treatment of cardiac edema, renal edema, liver cirrhosis ascites, dysfunction or vascular disorders caused by peripheral edema, and can promote the upper urethral calculi discharge. Its diuretic effect is rapid and strong, and it is often used in severe cases where other diuretics are ineffective. |
high-efficiency diuretics | furosemide, also known as furanilianic acid, furosemide, furosemide, diuretics, is a role in the ascending branch of the medullary branch of the sulfamide class of highly efficient diuretics, has a strong and short diuretic effect, can increase water, sodium, chlorine, potassium, calcium, magnesium, excretion of phosphate, etc. Clinically used for the treatment of cardiac edema, renal edema, cirrhosis ascites, dysfunction or vascular disorders caused by peripheral edema, and can promote the upper urinary tract calculi excretion. Intravenous administration can treat cerebral edema, and can also accelerate the excretion of toxic substances in the case of cerebral edema. It should be noted that furosemide diuresis, due to the increase in urine Cl-, Na, K, H excretion, the excretion of HCO3-does not increase, long-term repeated use or a large number of drugs can cause low salt syndrome, low chlorine and low potassium base poisoning. In recent years, researchers have found that furosemide aerosol inhalation has obvious Antiasthmatic effect, which is the same as sodium cromoglycate, inhibits the release of allergic mediators, inhibits the release of neurotransmitter acetylcholine and substance P, it may be related to its ability to inhibit the entry of chloride ions into the cell membrane of the respiratory tract. Clinical trials in exercise-induced asthma, antigen-induced immediate and late-onset asthma. |
mechanism of action | furosemide mainly inhibits the reabsorption of Na and Cl-in the medulla and cortex of the thick ascending branch of the loop, promoting sodium, chloride, the excretion of potassium and affects the formation of hyperosmolality in the renal medulla, interferes with the process of concentration and dilution of urine, increases the volume of urine. This product can inhibit the activity of prostaglandin decomposition enzyme, increase the content of prostaglandin E2, has the effect of expanding blood vessels, has the effect of proximal convoluted tubules and glomerular filtration, and can increase renal blood flow, adjust the blood flow distribution in the kidney, reduce the blood flow of the medulla, increase the blood flow of the surface cortex, promote diuresis, the effect is rapid and strong, and it is used for other cases of ineffective diuretic drugs. |
pharmacokinetics | The oral absorption rate of furosemide is 60% ~ 70%, but it does not affect the absorption rate and its curative effect. The oral absorption rate of patients with end-stage renal disease is reduced to 43% ~ 46%. Congestive heart failure and nephrotic syndrome and other edema diseases, due to intestinal wall edema, oral absorption rate also decreased, so in the above situation should be parenteral route of administration. Mainly distributed in the extracellular fluid, the volume of distribution of the average body weight of 11.4%, plasma protein binding rate of 91% ~ 97%, almost all with albumin binding. The drug can pass through the placental barrier and can be secreted into the milk. The onset time of action after oral and intravenous administration was 30-60 minutes and 5 minutes, respectively, and the peak time was 1-2 hours and 0.33-1 hours. The duration of action was 6-8 hours and 2 hours, respectively. There is a large individual difference in T1/2b, the normal person is 30~60 minutes, anuria patients extended to 75~155 minutes, liver and kidney function at the same time severe damage extended to 11~20 hours. Due to the poor liver and kidney clearance ability, T1/2b was prolonged to 4~8 hours. 88% to the original form of renal excretion, 12% by the liver metabolism by bile excretion. Impaired renal function increased metabolism by the liver. The drug was not cleared by dialysis. |
indications | (1) edema diseases including congestive heart failure, liver cirrhosis, kidney disease (nephritis, kidney disease and various causes of acute and chronic renal failure), especially when the effect of other diuretics is not good, the application of this class of drugs may still be effective. Combined with other drugs in the treatment of acute pulmonary edema and acute cerebral edema. (2) hypertension is generally not the first choice for the treatment of essential hypertension, but when the efficacy of thiazide drugs is poor, especially when accompanied by renal insufficiency or hypertensive crisis, this class of drugs is particularly suitable. (3) prevention of acute renal failure for a variety of reasons lead to insufficient renal blood perfusion, such as water loss, Shock, poisoning, anesthesia accident and circulatory insufficiency, in the correction of hypovolemia and timely application, can reduce the chance of acute tubular necrosis. (4) hyperkalemia and hypercalcemia. (5) Diluted hyponatremia, especially when the serum sodium concentration is lower than 120mmol/L. (6) SIADH. (7) Acute drug poisoning such as barbiturate poisoning. |
side effects | during the use of furosemide, there may be Nausea, Diarrhea, drug eruption, pruritus, blurred vision and other adverse reactions, sometimes can occur dizziness, Fatigue, fatigue, muscle cramps, thirst, a small number of patients with leukopenia, individual patients with thrombocytopenia, erythema multiforme, orthostatic hypotension, long-term use can cause gastric and duodenal ulcers. |
Use | The drug has a strong and short diuretic effect, and is a potent diuretic for the treatment of heart, liver, edema caused by diseases such as kidney, especially the case of no effect on the basal diuretic drugs; Can be used for the treatment of acute pulmonary edema, cerebral edema, acute renal failure and hypertension and other diseases; With the rehydration of the product can promote the toxic non-discharge. The oral LD50 of rats was 2600-2820mg/kg. use as diuretic |
production method | 2, 4-dichlorobenzoic acid (see 12740) is obtained by chlorosulfonation, ammonification and acidification, 4-dichloro-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid. Furosemide is then prepared by condensation with furfurylamine. |
category | toxic substances |
toxicity grade | poisoning |
Acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 2600 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 2200 mg/kg |
flammability hazard characteristics | flammable; Decomposition of toxic nitrogen oxides in fire; sulfur oxide and chloride fumes |
storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse low temperature, ventilation, dry |
extinguishing agent | water, carbon dioxide, dry powder, sand |
toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |